Proportion -1. The comparative measurements or size of different parts of an object or image.
2. The correct, attractive or ideal relationship in size or shape beetween one thing and another or beetween parts of a whole.
Transparent -1. Allowing light to pass through so that objects behind can be distincly seen.
2. (In relation to grahic designing on a computer)When an object is not printed at its full opacity allowing imagery or text behind it to show through.
Asymmetry -1. Lack of equality or equivalence beetween parts or aspects of something.
2. Lack of symmetry.
3. Lopsidedness.
Aesthetics -1. A set of principles concerned with the nature and appreciation of beauty.
2. The branch of philosophy that deals with the principles of beauty and artistic taste.
3. A set of principles underlying and guiding the work of a particular artist or artistic movement (eg: the Cubist aesthetic).
Emphasis -1. Special importance, value or prominence given to something
2. Vigor or intensity of expression.
3. A difference in colour, size or placement of an element in a composition which tends to cause the element to be especially noticable.
Adjective List:
Organic-
1. Of relating to or derived from living matter.
2. Having the appearance of a naturally occuring or living thing.
3. A style of line or form in which the objects are shaped in such a way that they appear to be alive or natural, usually involving flowing curves and voluptuous rounded shapes.
Geometric- 1. Of or relating to geometry, or according to its methods
2. Characterised or decorated with regular lines or shapes
3. A style of design where most or all of the elements used are straight lines, circles, ellipses and regular polygons.
4. A modern style derived from the more ancient styles of Ad Triangulum (made of or following the lines of triangles - 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 degrees) and Ad Quadratum (made of or following the lines of squares - 0, 45, 90, 135, 180 degrees)
Monochromatic-
1. Containing or using only one colour
2. Of a single wavelength or frequency
3. Lacking in variety, monotonous
4. A style of colour use where the only colours employed in a piece are shades and tints of a single hue.
Matte-
1. Dull or flat, without a shine
2. Antonym of gloss
3. A sheet of cardboard placed on the back of a picture, either as a mount or to form a border around the picture
4. A quality of a substrate where the surface is textured on a very fine scale thus breaking up any reflection on the surface
Nebulous- 1. In the form of a cloud or haze
2. Unclear, vague or ill defined
Principles & Elements of Design List:
Elements:
Line - Line is fundamental to design. A line is a mark made by the moving of a point, which can be made to have a psychological impact depending on its weight and direction and by variations in its weight and direction. There are a wide variety of types of line, including: agressive, straight and calm, dynamicly angled, chaotic, gently curvaceous, energetically curved, lyrical, textural, tonal, implied and psychic.
Colour - Colour is the property of an object that refers to the way that it reflects different wavelengths of light, the range of colours represented by a rainbow make up the colour spectrum with red (long wavelength) at one end and violet (short wavelength) at the other. These colours can also be arranged into a circle making a colour wheel, which has the three primary colours; Red, Blue and Yellow spaced at 120degree angles to one another and with the secondary and tertiary colours in beetween. It is important to note that these primary colours apply only to pigments and there is even disagreement since many artists say that the primary's are Cyan, Magenta and Yellow, like those used in the printing process. None of these are the true primary's though since colour by its very nature is light, and the primary colours for lighty are Red, Blue, and Green. When mixing colour with light we call it additive colour and with pigments subtractive.Different colours have different psychological effects on people and cujure up different emotions, for example: Blue - calm and relaxed, Red - exciting and lusty, Green - envy and sickness as well as natural and serene, Black - depressing and evil, White - pure and clean.
Different colour combinations are given different names depending on their relative position on the wheel: Complimentary is colours which are on opposite sides of the wheel, Analogous is colours that are near each other on the wheel, Monochromatic is variations in brightness of a single colour, Triadic means that the colours are at 120 degrees to each other on the wheel, the primary colours are an example of this.
Colours are also refered to as hues, and different brightnesses are referred to as values
Texture - Texture refers to the surface quality of an object, it is a sensation of touch that can be invoked visually by the way line and shape are used. Some types of texture are: smooth, rough, ridged, spiky, grainy, undulating, cracked and embossed.
Shape and Form - these are masses of colour or areas encompassed by lines which define objects in space. By their existance they imply the space around them. Space is the precondition of all that exists.Shapes and forms can be two dimensional or three dimensional and can be organic or geometric in nature. Organic shapes are things such as the contours of a landscape, naturally occuring things like plants, or the curves of the human body. Geometric shapes are things like squares, circles, triangles, spheres and cubes.
Principles:stability and dynamics are most easily defined in relationship to the invisible grid implied by a page or space.
Stability - this is where objects align themselves to the lines of the grid, stable layouts can be central or symetrical but are not neccesarily so. It tends to create a sence of rigidness or order.
Dynamics - this is where the elements on a page are not aligned to the grid, often involving diagonals or seeming randomness. it can be used to create a sence of movement, energy or instability.
Rhythm - in rhythmic layouts copies of an object or many similar objects are arranged with similar spacing or as if they are filling grid squares. As the name suggests this tends to create a sense of rhythm and so is often used in the music industry for album covers and so forth.
Scale - when a design is either dominated by one very large shape or image (maximum object), or when a design has alot of space in it and the shape or object is very small (maximum space), we refer to the design style as using scale.The use of large amounts of white space is very popular these days in areas like advertising because it seems to give the impression that other than the object pictured there is nothing else in the world.
Bibliography & Image Credits:
http://vinugaa.files.wordpress.com/2009/04/squiggly_buildings.jpghttp://www.canadianshakespeares.ca/multimedia/images/bnl_cd_cover.jpg
http://www.cddesign.com/covertalk/images/dark-side-of-the-moon-cd-cover-design.jpg
http://www.sonhenry.com/cd_art/live_cd_cover_2s.jpg
http://www.freedos.org/freedos/images/logos/cd-cover-2004-slogan.jpg
http://www.weborithm.com/wp-content/2009/07/transparent-jellyfish-689547-sw.jpg
http://photos.essence.com/system/images/gallery/000/015/672/full/hairstyle-asymmetric-bold-angle_src.jpg
http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1200/801482765_17a56d1b72_o.jpg
http://www.nhsdesigns.com/images/examples/graphic-principles_emphasis.jpg
http://www.silkroadcarpetandrugs.com/views/images/collections/geometric/full/geometric12.gif http://www.artistblacksmith.com/gardengate.jpg
http://clemag.com/IL308WhMatteRicePaper.jpg
Apple Computer Dictionary, version 1.0.2
Apple Computer Dictionary, version 1.0.2
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